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Last modified: 2017-04-01 by ivan sache
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![[Flag]](../images/g/gp}fkng.gif)
![[Flag]](../images/g/gp}fkng1.gif)
Flag of FKNG !, two versions - Images by Ivan Sache, 15 October 2016
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FKNG ! (Fòs pou konstwi nasyon Gwadloup - Forces to build the Guadeloupe nation) is an independentist organization aimed at federating the scattered, small groups that call for the independence of Guadeloupe: ANG (Alliance Nationale Guadeloupe, founded on 31 May 2008), CPGN (Convention pour une Guadeloupe Nouvelle, founded on 25 November 2004 by Jean-Paul Eluther), R2PG (Réseau pour la Protection des Patrimoines Guadeloupéens, founded on 11 April 2011), CIPN (Comité International des Peuples Noirs, founded in 1992), Yenkinou (a citizen's blog) and Kalbas Ka (a gwoka music band).
FKNG ! emerged in spring 2010 when red pieces of graffiti appeared on
walls all over the island. The meaning of "FKNG !" remained mysterious
until the night of 20 to 21 April 2010, when thousands of leaflets
announcing the establishment of the organization were released. The
charter of the organization was adopted in Pointe-à-Pitre on 15 May
2010. FKNG ! does not seem to have any official status - which is not
unexpected, since some of its members do not recognize the French rule
over the island.
During its first congress held on 9-10 April 2011, FKNG ! adopted a
motion calling for the creation of a people's council representing all
the "anti-colonialist, patriotic, political and social organizations".
The council was commissioned "to prepare the establishment of a
provisory government and to ask its recognition by the United Nations,
and the governments of the Caribbean islands, of Latin America and of
the world". The wording of the motion makes it clear that complete
independence from France is sought; a status granted more autonomy as
adopted in New Caledonia or French Polynesia was not even considered.
[FKNG ! charter]
FKNG ! was organized by Luc Reinette, an historic independentist
leader in Guadeloupe, founder in 1981 of MPGI (Mouvement Populaire pour une Guadeloupe Indépendante).
Reinette was arrested on 7 March 1981, as a supposed member of GLA
(Groupe de Libération Armée), a clandestine group that had
claimed responsibility for attacks perpetrated in 1980-1981 against
authorities, official buildings (including the Court of Justice in
Paris), police and gendarmerie stations, hotels, and banks. On 28 May 1983, a new armed group named ARC (Alliance Révolutionnaire Caraïbe) claimed responsibility for a new series of attacks perpetrated in Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyane, and Paris. From 1983 to 1989, ARC organized several attacks in the same areas, claiming three lives and injuring more than 50 people.
Reinette and five other members of MPGI were tried in February
1985 for their presumed involvement in armed attacks; sentenced to 23
years' imprisonment, Reinette escaped from jail on 16 June 1985. On 19
January 1987, he released a "call for civic and patriotic resistance".
Reinette was eventually arrested in Saint Vincent on 21 July 1987 on his way to Guyana, where he had been granted political asylum, and transferred to Paris one week later. The Law No. 473 of 10 June 1989 granted amnesty to Caribbean political prisoners, including Reinette and 18 other members of ARC.
Reinette founded on 13 June 1997 KLG (Konwa pou liberasyon nasyonal
Gwadeloup). Afterwards, the independentist movement went quite
dormant, until the reactivation of independentist claims in spring
2009. The establishment of FKNG ! is therefore considered as the symbol
of the re-emergence of the independentist movement in Guadeloupe.
[Résistance et lutte armée aux Antilles-Guyane]
Ivan Sache, 21 October 2012
On 25 October 2010, FKNG ! presented the Guadelupian identity card; on 16 January 2011, members of FKNG ! publicly burned their French identity card, "re-enacting" the act performed by Reinette during his trial in 1985. During the same meeting (report), Reinette promised to discuss a Guadelupian flag with all the organizations forming FKNG !
The flag of FKNG !, and, most probably, of the aspired independent
Guadeloupe, was hoisted during the FKNG! Congress (photo).
The flag is horizontally divided green-yellow-red with a thin white
fimbriation between the stripes; a black triangle charged with a
yellow star is placed along the hoist.
The flag is, undoubtedly, modelled on the flags used by the earlier
independentist movements in Guadeloupe.
The flag is also used with a smaller star and without the white fimbriation between the coloured stripes (photo).
Ivan Sache, 15 October 2016
A similar flag was seen, printed on a T-shirt wore by a demonstrator during the prostests organized in 2009 by the LKP collective (photo). The flag is charged with a ka drum, a symbol used by the labor union UGTG, one of the main components of LKP.
Thanh-Tâ:m-Lê & Ivan Sache, 8 March 2009
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